Sensory profile in people with autism spectrum disorder (asd)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71068/ec000027Keywords:
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Neurodevelopment, Neurodiversity, Theoretical Paradigms.Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been approached from various theoretical and methodological perspectives over time. Among its core characteristics, the sensory profile stands out as a distinctive feature in individuals with this condition. However, research focused specifically on the sensory profile of people with ASD remains scarce and limited in the scientific literature. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the sensory profile of individuals with ASD, determine the predominant sensory tendencies, identify traits of hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity, and explore a potential correlation between the sensory profile and family structure. The study involved children and adolescents aged 2 to 15 years, diagnosed with autism, along with their parents or primary caregivers, residing in the Ecuadorian cities of Riobamba and Ambato, and attending private psychological centers. A correlational research design was applied. The results revealed that a hyposensitive sensory profile predominates in 86.7% of the cases, particularly in the proprioceptive and visual systems. This finding aligns with parental reports, which showed a high average rating of 4.33, indicating that the children studied exhibit significant difficulty in perceiving their body’s position in space or recognizing their bodily needs. Additionally, a reduced perceptual response to visual stimuli was observed, limiting their ability to respond to environmental cues received through the visual channel. These findings highlight the relevance of assessing the sensory profile in ASD cases, as it directly influences environmental perception and adaptive responses, and suggest the need for further research into family-related variables to develop more comprehensive and individualized interventions.
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